base64 replace special characters

Does balls to the wall mean full speed ahead or full speed ahead and nosedive? And here's a ready to go implementation of Base58 in c#. (TA) Is it appropriate to ignore emails from a student asking obvious questions? How to set a newcommand to be incompressible by justification? This conforms to rfc 4648 so should be widely understandable Share Improve this answer Follow edited Jun 16, 2013 at 10:17 answered Jan 9, 2013 at 18:29 The feature may be used to provide fast access to a broader selection of Unicode letters typically not accessible from the keyboard, like umlauts or other diacritics. SQL Server uses UTF-16 Little Endian only for NVARCHAR data, and even for XML. It is starting to become something of a de facto standard in cryptocurrency addresses. Convert to BASE64 characters: tsU= BASE32. Create Url For Audio FileCreate Url For Video File will sometimes glitch and take you a long time to try different solutions. URL Encoding of Special Characters. If you see the "cross", you're on the right track. Should I give a brutally honest feedback on course evaluations? How to encode a string to replace all special characters. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. I've wanted an encoding like this for half a decade, i wish i was aware of it sooner. Convert to BASE64 characters: TVqQ. This could be adapted to handle lower bases, but it may be sufficient as is. Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Something better than Base64, Strange \n in base64 encoded string in Ruby. Add a new light switch in line with another switch? This conforms to rfc 4648 so should be widely understandable. I have a string which contains special character. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Less dense than Base64, but eliminates unwanted characters completely. Not sure if it was just me or something she sent to the whole team, Cooking roast potatoes with a slow cooked roast. How to improve base64 encode and decode string to avoid +, / and =? Essentially I want alphanumeric to be used. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Meet Base64 Decode and Encode, a simple online tool that does exactly what it says: decodes from Base64 encoding as well as encodes into it quickly and easily. Is there any reason on passenger airliners not to have a physical lock between throttles? Base64 is a generic term for a number of similar encoding schemes that encode binary data by treating it numerically and translating it into a base-64 representation. TSYong Helper II Remove Special Character 12-14-2020 11:35 PM Hi All, I'm having an issue where special character is being captured in my dynamic content. Adding any special characters to the above regex will skip that character. java string swap two characters. How hard is . How is this the accepted answer, it doesn't offer any solution. When you are using base64 to encode a string, there are +, / and = characters in encoding result. It's also very possible that changing a pixel will cause additions or subtractions to parts of the header info. This function is case-sensitive. Like @JeremyP said. In python, we can use base64 to encode a string and transfer it. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Usually UTF-8 or UTF-16 will do. PowerApps remove special characters from string PowerApps replace double quotes PowerApps substring PowerApps replace space PowerApps replace data source PowerApps replace Line break PowerApps Replace function Powerapps Replace function helps to identify the string to replace by starting position and length. Below is the UDF code being used: BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder (); String encoded = encoder.encode (payload.getBytes ()); Base64 encode your data without hassles or decode it into a human-readable format. Is embedding background image data into CSS as Base64 good or bad practice? Ready to optimize your JavaScript with Rust? Here we use \W which remove everything that is not a word character. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Your badges and posts will all move over, and all URLs will continue to work as before. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Binary Data in JSON String. Creating a BLOB from a Base64 string in JavaScript, Received a 'behavior reminder' from manager. encoding. To allow additional characters in user input, add those characters to the character class in the regular expression pattern. What are the criteria for a protest to be a strong incentivizing factor for policy change in China? The easiest way would be to use a regular expression to match all nonalphanumeric characters and replace them with an empty string. Swift Problem change text color in datepicker format. We do not currently allow content pasted from ChatGPT on Stack Overflow; read our policy here. This too could be done as a pre/post step if you don't want to write your own encoder/decoder from the ground-up. That means the method does not replace characters or strings from a string. how to replace a character with another character in a string in java. An optional argument defining the encoding used when converting characters. Try converting the byte array to Base64 [ ^] - that will contain only "readable" characters. How can I convert a stack trace to a string? Why does my stock Samsung Galaxy phone/tablet lack some features compared to other Samsung Galaxy models? Actually works fine once I grabbed this from MDN to replace the window.atob / this.decode() method // https://devel. The general rule is to choose a set of 64 characters that is both 1) part of a subset common to most encodings, and 2) also printable. First 128 characters in the table above is also known as the "7-bit ASCII table", since it was developed in 1963, when one byte was 7 bits long. (Does yours match one of those?). Does balls to the wall mean full speed ahead or full speed ahead and nosedive? If your strings have to be strictly alphanumeric, then you'll need to use hex encoding (one byte becomes 2 hex digits), or roll your own encoding scheme. Definition and Usage. The \w metacharacter is used to find a word character. Maybe someone can help. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Effect of coal and natural gas burning on particulate matter pollution, Typesetting Malayalam in xelatex & lualatex gives error, Connecting three parallel LED strips to the same power supply. Special characters that need to be processed in URL; WEB: Special characters needed in the URL; binascii.Error: Invalid base64-encoded string: number of data characters; Day55 - Ajax (Ajax and XML, GET request, POST request distinction, URL address bar transmission Chinese, special characters) When the URL is a parameter with special characters . Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Did neanderthals need vitamin C from the diet? Basic improvements over Base64: Only alphanumeric characters [0-9a-zA-Z] No look-alike characters: 0OIl / 0OIl No punctuation to trigger word wrap or line break in documents and emails Can also select entire value with a single double click due to no punctuation. A Simple Guide to Python Base64 Encode String for Beginners - Python Tutorial However, the basic base64 function is not safe, as to function: base64.b64encode(s, altchars=None) This function can encode a string with base64, however, the result contains some characters, such as +, / and =. CGAC2022 Day 10: Help Santa sort presents! You could use Base32 instead. How do I tell if this single climbing rope is still safe for use? As a native speaker why is this usage of I've so awkward? While base64 encoder/decoders are trivial, replacement subsitution can be done in a simple pre/post processing step of an existing base64 encode/decode functions (inside wrappers) -- no need to re-invent the wheel (entirely). The Bitcoin Address Utility is an implementation example; geared for Bitcoins. How to achieve this, Which encoding will help me to achieve this? Are the S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average securities? Not the answer you're looking for? How did muzzle-loaded rifled artillery solve the problems of the hand-held rifle? rev2022.12.9.43105. We do not currently allow content pasted from ChatGPT on Stack Overflow; read our policy here. The encoding process represents 24-bit groups of input bits as output strings of 4 encoded characters. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Base58Check is an option. remove any special characters from string and space with - regex in c#; Remove numbers and special characters in a string c#; removing special characters from string in c#; replace special characters .net core regex; remove special characters and space from string c#; how to remove special characters C#; c# remove special character This function is case-sensitive. What are the criteria for a protest to be a strong incentivizing factor for policy change in China? if you encounter > , add -1. if var != 0 then you have encounter either < either > twice.See the previous char and replace with < or >. Convert the following 40-bit string to BASE32: How can non-ASCII characters be removed from a string? but some Windows-specific one like 1250) run a script to change it to UTF-8 Hi. In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf (1) and printf (3), printf interprets: %b expand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument %q quote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input % (fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format string for strftime (3) Share While the Alt key is pressed, type the sequence of numbers (on the numeric keypad) from the Alt code in the above table. (You still have a couple of non-alphanumeric characters for characters 62 and 63. How to get an enum value from a string value in Java. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! In computer programming, Base64 is a group of binary-to-text encoding schemes that represent binary data (more specifically, a sequence of 8-bit bytes) in sequences of 24 bits that can be represented by four 6-bit Base64 digits. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. I am trying to get 22 char length of unique string by encoding the UUID, but all i need to have Alphanumeric, but what i am getting is with some special characters like below, FN5GEqCORP6--eXL4kJE5g IayPN1DsT5-XqUDJl6UJ-A. The input is not a valid Base-64 string as it contains a non-base 64 character, Using Javascript's atob to decode base64 doesn't properly decode utf-8 strings. Would salt mines, lakes or flats be reasonably found in high, snowy elevations? Why does the USA not have a constitutional court? Effect of coal and natural gas burning on particulate matter pollution, No punctuation to trigger word wrap or line break in documents and emails. Spring Boot - Validations stopped working after upgrade from 2.2.5 to 2.3.0. I have an original Text, that I send using outlook. baHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZXhhbXBsZS5jb20vYyVjL2MrKy8_aWQ9MSZwPTM=. ), There are a number of variations of base64, some of which don't use padding. To encode and decode a string with base64, we can read this tutorial. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. Yes, that's right, just 64 characters is enough to encode any data, of any size. Obtain closed paths using Tikz random decoration on circles. 3 Answers Sorted by: 5 Rather than invent something new, I'd use Base64.urlsafe_encode64 (and its counterpart Base64.urlsafe_decode64) which is basically base64 with + and / replaced with - and _. Cooking roast potatoes with a slow cooked roast. Yea, but I'm not sure that's an assumption you'd want to makeUnless he KNOW for sure his data length will, @BairDev correct, the padding is not counted in base64. Press the Alt key, and hold it down. Why is Singapore considered to be a dictatorial regime and a multi-party democracy at the same time? Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. Characters of the Base64 alphabet can be grouped into four groups: Uppercase letters (indices 0-25): ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Lowercase letters (indices 26-51): abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz Digits (indices 52-61): 0123456789 Special symbols (indices 62-63): +/ It is very important to note that the Base64 letters are case sensitive. characters of Spanish language). When would I give a checkpoint to my D&D party that they can return to if they die? It's not all that difficult. Why does base64 encoding require padding if the input length is not divisible by 3? Use 000 to mean 0. Now we will replace the special character in the string with an underscore, so click on the Add an action then select Set variable action, then select the variable name 'replace special character', and in values write the below expression: replace (variables ('stringwithspecialcharacter'),item (),'_') Microsoft Flow replace all special characters The text is: "This is a testmail " (without the ") So on the mailserver I open the message and the body is base64 encoded and contains The htmlspecialchars_decode () function converts some predefined HTML entities to characters. The problem is that you encoded a UTF-8 encoded string into Base64. This is my dynamic expression: trim (first (skip (split (first (split (body ('Html_to_text'),'Domain ID :')),'Publisher:'),1))) The end result should be: Microsoft Windows. Help us identify new roles for community members, Proposing a Community-Specific Closure Reason for non-English content. Now you have a valid document in a string and you can parse with XDocument.Parse (<the string>) Friday, April 16, 2010 10:14 AM. Base64 alphabet characters can be grouped into four groups: Capital letters (0-25): A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z I have attempted with getting UUID and replace the - and pass to Base64 but its throwing exception, when it goes less than . If omitted, encoding defaults to the value of the default_charset configuration option. In this tutorial, we will introduce how to replace +, / and = characters by encoding string with php base64. Why not write your own Base64 encoder/decoder, but replace those chars in your algorithm. To type a special character, using an Alt keyboard sequence: Ensure that the Num Lock key has been pressed, to activate the numeric key section of the keyboard. How can you encode a string to Base64 in JavaScript? Mark as New; Bookmark . (The extra 65th character, "=", is used to signify a special processing function.) How do I convert a String to an int in Java? Pick your replacements. How do I create a Java string from the contents of a file? Not the answer you're looking for? If you want to use python to do this, you can refer to this tutorial. Is it correct to say "The glue on the back of the sticker is dying down so I can not stick the sticker to the wall"? Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. A Simple Guide to Python Base64 Encode String for Beginners Python Tutorial. The encoding is unable to handle the special characters (ex. Although this argument is technically optional, you are highly encouraged to specify the correct value for your code if the default_charset configuration option may be set incorrectly for the given input. FromCharacters Type: Text constant or code The characters that you want to replace. Another quite recurrent use case is the need to clear the accents and then replace special characters with some other one, e.g. -recognise the charset of the input (if it's Windows program it very well might NOT be the expected Latin1/iso-8859! "Any phrase" -> "Any-phrase". Sure, it will not be able to be decoded with a normal decoder, but if that's not an issue, then whyt worry about it. Add a new light switch in line with another switch? Consider some other variants: base64 Variant table from Wikipedia. var cleaned = stringToReplace.replace (/ [^\w\s]/gm, '') Adding any special characters to the above regex will skip that character. A word character is any letter, decimal digit, or punctuation connector such as an underscore. To avoid +, / characters, base64 library provides url safe function. If your application can't tolerate, There are plenty of "applications" that cannot tolerate. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Encryption always produces "special characters" because it converts the input (from text or whatever it was) to a collection of bytes - which aren't characters, they are eight bit values which may contain valid characters but are more likely not to. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. How do I remove these and still make sure that my decode works in the future? Also I can't remove special character only i have to replace all the special characters to maintain unique between two different strings. It replace all special characters from string. // This will remove all special characters except space. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Yeah - the root of the issue here is that you were searching/replacing A word character is a character from a-z, A-Z, 0-9, including the _ (underscore) character. In the Flow name field, enter a name for your flow. base64 decode - problem with special characters Patrick Hi. the problem with base64 as I understand it is that it includes + / and = which are characters I can not tolerate in my application. Return :- The resulting String. Is there any way to handle this? Oracle Communities Log In Register Home 1980s short story - disease of self absorption, MOSFET is getting very hot at high frequency PWM. Replace Special Characters In Java using replaceAll () The syntax of the replaceAll () method is following:- public String replaceAll(String regex, String replacement) Parameter:- regex - the regular expression to which this string is to be matched; replacement - the string to be substituted for each match. I guess the issue you encountered is cased by ASCII. The Base64 term originates from a specific MIME-content transfer encoding. Some characters are utilized by URLs for special use in defining their syntax. The String.Replace () method replaces a character or a string with another character or string in a string. This will search for the (") character (to enter a double quote in a string you need to "double it"), and replace it with another one. How many transistors at minimum do you need to build a general-purpose computer? But, he could subst that for another char, only have to worry about 1, instead of 3 @LarryF: Padding can be omitted if length can be detected in some other way, can't it? oracle-tech Coming soon, the Groundbreakers Developer Community will be migrating to Oracle Forums for a refreshed experience. So, decoding the Base64 gives you back the original UTF-8 sequence of bytes. Ruby has built-in encoding/decoding up to base 36 (26 letters and 10 numbers). From now on, you don't need to download any software for such simple tasks. To do that we simply specify the target character (an asterisk), followed by the replacement text (the @ sign). src/Utils base64DecodeStringUrlSafe method Polish Characters in given/family name fields of token are wrong when decoded. did anything serious ever run on the speccy? I am currently using Ruby's 'base64' but the strings that are created have special characters like /+= . var cleaned = stringToReplace.replace (/ [^\w\s.]/gm, '') A working example. Base64 alphabet contains 64 characters Basic ASCII which are used to encode data. CGAC2022 Day 10: Help Santa sort presents! For instance, 0 (A) would be encoded as "AA", 62 (+) would be encoded as "AB" and 63 (/) would be encoded as "AC". Why does the USA not have a constitutional court? txt files places It shows about base64 encoding only and i have no problem with base64 encoding an image or a string For example, the filename "test \r This can be useful for populating image fields or for embedding an attachment in XML data . Understanding The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, Part 2, Better way to check if an element only exists in one array, Received a 'behavior reminder' from manager. How do I read / convert an InputStream into a String in Java? What is the real purpose of Base64 encoding? The Bitcoin Address Utility is an implementation example; geared for Bitcoins. Stay tuned for additional updates. Help us identify new roles for community members, Proposing a Community-Specific Closure Reason for non-English content, Unable to download file with special character from Amazon S3, Convert a GUID to a shorter string using 36 character alphabet 0-9 and A-Z, How to avoid the same queue job being processed more than once when scaled across multiple dynos on Heroku. Here we write two functions to improve base64 encode and decode string safely. Basically, you just need 65 ASCII characters which are acceptable - preferably in addition to line breaks. baHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZXhhbXBsZS5jb20vYyVjL2MrKy8/aWQ9MSZwPTM=. Should I give a brutally honest feedback on course evaluations? Programming Tutorials and Examples for Beginners, PHP Base64 Encode String Safely: Replace +, / and = Characters PHP Tutorial, Python Implements Images Base64 Encode for Beginners Python Tutorial, Best Practice to Save Python String to File Safely Python File Operation Tutorial, A Simple Guide to Detect Python String Contains Non-ASCII Characters Python Tutorial, How to Remove Special Characters From a Python String: An Introduction, Python Replace String with Case Insensitive for Beginners Python Tutorial, Improve NLTK Word Lemmatization with Parts-of Speech NLTK Tutorial, A Simple Guide to Encode and Decode HTML Entities in Python String Python Web Crawler Tutorial, OpenCV Replace a Part of Image Using Other Image or NumPy Array Python OpenCV Tutorial. increase in size. But I want to convert the string into a string which will have only alphanumerical letters. (Libraries to perform hex encoding are very common. Not sure if it was just me or something she sent to the whole team. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Not the answer you're looking for? String.Replace () method has two overloaded forms. So first of all you should choose which charset to use. How to capitalize the first character of each word in a string, Efficient method to generate UUID String in Java (UUID.randomUUID().toString() without the dashes). How can I convert an image into Base64 string using JavaScript? Appropriate translation of "puer territus pedes nudos aspicit"? However, the basic base64 function is not safe, as to function: This function can encode a string with base64, however, the result contains some characters, such as +, / and =. The only tricky part here is that the asterisk is a reserved character in Windows PowerShell; because of that we need to "escape" the character before we can perform a search-and-replace operation using that character. If it's just those particular characters that bother you, and you can find some other characters to use instead, then how about implementing your own custom base64 module? Base64 encoded string represents the initial string containing special characters in some charset, suitable for such special characters. In C#, Strings are immutable. import base64 Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Why did the Council of Elrond debate hiding or sending the Ring away, if Sauron wins eventually in that scenario? ), The Wikipedia page on base64 goes into the details, including the "standard" variations used for a number of common use-cases. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. @JamesQMurphy: I wouldn't answer it this way now, of course (this was over 10 years ago) - but I can't delete it as it's accepted, and there are other answers that have more detail. HBGary breachhackers related to the Anonymous activist group used SQL Injection to take down the IT security company's website. Delete Specials Caractres from a String in java. Ready to optimize your JavaScript with Rust? But I have to convert the string into a string without having any special character so I used Base64 But in Base64 we are using equals to symbol (=) which is a special character. Does a 120cc engine burn 120cc of fuel a minute? It won't be terribly efficient, but it will just be alphanumeric. First (and probably only) time I've ever downvoted an answer from Jon Skeet. From the encode result, we can find there are not +, / and = in result. Are defenders behind an arrow slit attackable? base64 encoding that doesn't use "+/=" (plus or equals) characters? If you want alphanumeric, I think it is better and is practical to use base 36. You could use base32 instead to be a bit more efficient, but that's likely to be significantly more work, unless you can find a library which supports it out of the box. Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. How do I encode and decode a base64 string? MOSFET is getting very hot at high frequency PWM. The Base64 term originates from a specific MIME-content transfer encoding. I don't want to use Hex because it's not dense enough. Help us identify new roles for community members, Proposing a Community-Specific Closure Reason for non-English content, How to generate a random alpha-numeric string. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. rev2022.12.9.43105. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. They are not safe to url. 1 Regex.Replace(your String, @" [^0-9a-zA-Z]+", "") Add a Grepper Answer C# queries related to "regex for replacing special characters" regex remove special characters regex to replace special characters regex name without numbers and special characters regex replace all characters regex to restrict special characters except space and . How to save a PNG image server-side, from a base64 data URI. Design The particular choice of characters to make up the 64 characters required for Base64 varies between implementations. I'm pretty sure there are plenty out there, but you haven't specified which platform you need this for. Is this an at-all realistic configuration for a DHC-2 Beaver? See the previous char and replace with < or >. I have a problem with Mime/base64 decoding. Java: Different results when decoding base64 string with java.util.Base64 vs android.util.Base64. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. The result of this function will change . Second, Base64 is not an encoding algorithm - it's a translation algorithm which "spreads" the value of bytes across multiple output characters: so a change in a pixel value can alter several values in the output. How to set a newcommand to be incompressible by justification? I need to replace the characters for my full flow to work Message 3 of 10 30,297 Views 0 Kudos Reply. The length of this string must correspond to the length of FromCharacters. Here \w : A word character, short for [a-zA-Z_0-9] \W : A non-word character. The method creates and returns a new string with new characters or strings. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! But, you better have at least 3 other chars that ARE useable in your app to represent the +/ and ='s base62 is essentially base64 but alphanumeric only. Regroup into 6-bit quantities and zero-pad as necessary: 101101 101100 010100 null. It is unclear if the Base58Check encoding method will formalise across current protocols. Can also select entire value with a single double click due to no punctuation. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. The message gets encoded but the special character is converted to some junk value. 0. Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. These would typically include characters and signs that serve a specific purpose, like mathematical operators, currency symbols, punctuation, graphic symbols (e.g. Here is an example to show how to use it. Where does the idea of selling dragon parts come from? rev2022.12.9.43105. The simplest option would be to encode the text to binary using UTF-8, and then convert the binary back to text as hex (two characters per byte). How do I use Base64 and exclude special characters +/= from string? They are not safe to url. Convert the following 16-bit string to BASE64 (this could occur only at the end of a file): Original binary string: 10110110 11000101. Rather than invent something new, I'd use Base64.urlsafe_encode64 (and its counterpart Base64.urlsafe_decode64) which is basically base64 with + and / replaced with - and _. Ready to optimize your JavaScript with Rust? Why is the federal judiciary of the United States divided into circuits? Java string replace. There is a very good regular expression to replace characters that are not common letters or numbers, but this expression also removes accents. Replacing special characters. If you truly can only use alphanumerical characters you will have to come up with an escaping scheme that uses one of those chars for example, use 0 as the escape, and then encode the special char as a 2 char hex encoding of the ascii. Super User In response to Otto. 7-Eleven breacha team of attackers used SQL injection to penetrate corporate systems at several companies, primarily the 7-Eleven retail chain, stealing 130 million credit card numbers. gist.github.com/dotnetchris/8e99ef70a6fcb3bd445ef1f3505f7087, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base64#Variants_summary_table. Our tool is free to use. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. This works pretty well but we get an extra underscore character _.The diacritics on the c is conserved. Note: A novel de facto standard may not be adequate for your needs. The disadvantage with this approach is that the ratio of output characters to input bytes is not fixed. HTML entities that will be decoded are: & becomes & (ampersand) " becomes " (double quote) ' becomes ' (single quote) < becomes < (less than) > becomes > (greater than) The htmlspecialchars_decode () function is the opposite of . 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